How to manage temporary works in construction - Book - Page 136
Terms and definitions
Lateral restraint
Internal or external structures used to prevent lateral/horizontal movement of a structure against
horizontal forces.
Lateral stability
The application of lateral force-resisting systems to prevent lateral movement in the event of lateral
loads such as wind, concrete pressure, kinetic energy from construction operations.
Limit-state
design
A reliability-based design process that accounts for uncertainties associated with strength properties
and applied loads.
Load path
How the loads on the structure are transferred through the structure.
Made ground
Typically used to refer to an area of ground that has been filled, for example with debris or rubble, as
opposed to ground in a natural state.
Newton
The unit of force, 1 N is the amount of force required to produce an acceleration of one metre per
second squared on a mass of one kilogram.
Node point
The point at which two or more components connect to transfer forces.
Non-cohesive soil (or
cohesion-less soil)
A soil that does not exhibit cohesion (see 'Granular soil').
Overburden
136
Refers to any of the following:
Loose, inferior quality material overlying rock in a quarry.
Term for weight of soil when calculating pressure.
Layers of earth and rock that must be removed to get to formation level.
Peat
The surface organic layer of soil consisting of partly decomposed organic matter in the region of 20%
to 60%, depending on which authority's definition is used. Peat is structurally weak for loading.
Peer review
A review of the (temporary) works carried out by independent person(s), separate from a design check.
Permanent works
Parts of a construction that will be used and remain in position for a long time.
Permanent works
The designer of the permanent works,
designer
engaged by either the client or a contractor.
Permissible stress
The stress that can be sustained safely by a structural material for the particular condition of service
or loading.
Permit to load (or
bring into use)
A signed statement which releases a hold point. It indicates that:
the temporary works process has been followed.
The temporary works have been inspected, and the 'as installed' temporary works comply with the
design
any modifications to the temporary works have been approved by the designer.
The water, ground and environmental conditions and use are as envisaged by the design.
Permit to
proceed
A certificate that authorizes the release of any hold point, as usually identified on the inspection and
test plan, issued by the principal contractor's temporary works coordinator or temporary works
supervisor
Permit to unload
(also permit to
strike, permit to
dismantle, permit to
take out of use)
A signed statement which releases a hold point. It indicates that:
the temporary works have been inspected, and the 'as installed' temporary works remain compliant
with the design
any modifications to the temporary works during use have been approved by the designer.
A documented safe system of work is in place and has been implemented for the dismantling of
any temporary works.
The temporary works are no longer required to be in place and are ready to be removed.
Policy
The intentions and direction of an organization, as formally expressed by its top management.
Pressure
The force applied to a surface divided by the surface area.
Principal
contractor (PC)
The contractor appointed under the CDM Regulations 5(1)(b) to perform the specified duties in
regulations 12 to 14.
Principal
The designer appointed under the CDM Regulations 5(1)(b) to perform the specified duties in
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